Areas where rainwater is collected and either directly applied to the cropped area, and stored in the soil profile for immediate uptake by the crop (runoff irrigation) or stored in a water reservoir for future productive use (for example used for supplementary irrigation).; The process of collecting and concentrating runoff water from a runoff area into a run-on area, where the collected water is either directly applied to the cropping area and stored in the soil profile for immediate use by the crop, i.e. runoff farming, or stored in an on-farm water reservoir for future productive uses, i.e. domestic use, livestock watering, aquaculture irrigation. The collected water can also be used for groundwater recharge and storage into the aquifer, i.e. recharge enhancement. 2. a process of collecting and concentrating runoff from a runoff-area into a run-on area, also has the potential to contribute substantially to increased food production, both in rainfed and irrigated agriculture, by making best use of available rainfall while securing the natural resource base and easing pressure on available resources.